Periodontal disease (also called gum disease) is very common and affects the smiles and health of more than half of the population. It is caused by harmful oral pathogens that damages the soft and hard tissues inside the mouth. If left untreated, it can lead destruction and resorption of the jawbone around teeth and eventual tooth loss. Symptoms include swollen, red and tender gums, bleeding, bad breath, painful chewing, and loose teeth.
Several risk factors can increase your risk of periodontitis:
- Gingivitis
- Poor oral health habits
- Smoking
- Chewing tobacco
- Drug use
- Genetics
- Medications that cause gum changes
- Diabetes and other medical conditions
The best way to prevent gum disease is to practice good oral hygiene. However, sometimes gum disease happens despite our best efforts. It is nothing to be ashamed to admit, and there are treatment options.